What is RFID technology?

1.1 RFID classification

According to the application frequency, RFID is divided into low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), ultra high frequency (UHF), microwave (MW), and the corresponding representative frequencies are: low frequency below 135kHz, high frequency 13.56MHz, ultra high frequency. 860 ~ 960MHz, microwave 2.4 ~ 5.8G.

RFID is classified into passive RFID tags or passive tags (PassiveTag), active RFID tags or active tags (AcTIveTag), and battery-assisted passive RFID tags according to the energy supply method. Passive RFID tags are inexpensive, but they don't require batteries. Active RFID can provide farther read and write distances, but requires battery power. Active tags can realize a wider range of sensor data monitoring and data acquisition due to battery-powered and powerful microcontrollers and wireless MCUs. They can also be meshed by ZigBee, Wi-Fi, GPRS/3G and other technologies. The network, to extend the scope of the label, is a very important development direction of RFID technology.

1.2 Radio Frequency Identification System

The RFID system is mainly composed of a tag, a reader, an antenna, and the like, and generally requires the support of other hardware and software.

标签:由一个政变ling element and a chip (active tags also require batteries and sensors, etc.), each tag has a unique electronic code attached to the object to identify the target object.

Reader: A device, such as a reader or the like, that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, and can be designed to be handheld or fixed.

Antenna: Transmits RF signals between the tag and the reader. If it is an active electronic tag, the reader is also a wireless gateway that can transmit the data collected by the active tag node to the Internet of Things and the Internet through a low-power network.

1.3 How RFID technology works

The basic working principle of RFID technology is not complicated: after the tag enters the magnetic field, the RF signal emitted by the RF front end sends the product information (PassiveTag, Passive Tag or Passive Tag) stored in the chip by the energy obtained by the induced current, or Actively send a signal of a certain frequency (AcTIveTag, active tag or active tag); read the information and decode it, then send it to the RFID radio frequency identification control unit for data processing.